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- POLAND, Page 52Avoiding the Issue
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- If there is one issue that most candidates in next week's
- presidential election are loath to see raised, it is abortion.
- Freely available for more than 30 years under the Communists,
- abortion, along with the rhythm method, is Poland's primary form
- of birth control. But now, in one of the reversals brought on
- by the demise of communism, abortion may soon be outlawed under
- legislation supported by Poland's Roman Catholic Church and the
- Pope. Yet opinion polls show that the majority of Poles favor
- keeping a woman's right to have one.
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- The abortion fight in Poland underscores the resurgence of
- the Catholic Church as a political powerhouse -- along with the
- traditional values it espouses. Anxious to avoid running against
- the grain of popular support for abortion on one hand and the
- church's opposition on the other, none of Poland's presidential
- candidates have raised the issue voluntarily. When pushed,
- Walesa and Mazowiecki say that as practicing Catholics, they
- can't oppose the church's teaching. Only Wlodzimierz
- Ciemoszewicz, the candidate of the former Communist Party, has
- declared himself against the ban.
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- Doctors estimate that in recent years some 600,000
- abortions were performed annually in Poland. Although more than
- 90% of Poles belong to the Roman Catholic Church, the high
- abortion rate reflected a lack of contraceptives, almost
- nonexistent sex education and poverty.
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- In September the Polish Senate, on the urging of
- church-backed members, easily passed a bill providing jail
- sentences of up to two years for doctors who perform abortions.
- The legislation is expected to go to the Sejm, the lower house,
- early next year, where passage is less certain.
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